100 results
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
Ocular Adverse Effects ... Detachment • Macular ... retinopathy • Macular ... Concussion Other Causes ... ophthalmology #causes
Uveitis - Definition, Causes and SUN Classification

Inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina and/or choroid
Incidence
- Definition, Causes ... body, vitreous, retina ... inhabitants 3rd leading cause ... blindness, linked to macular ... secondary glaucoma and retinal
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... syndrome PRA: plasma renin ... aldosteronism #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Periodic paralysis Alkalosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renin secreting ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Vision Loss - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic: 
  - Cornea: Scarring, Edema
  - Lens: Cataracts
Cataracts - Macula: Macular ... degeneration - Retina ... Lens Dislocation, Retinal ... Optic Neuropathy, Retinal ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Tumor Low Renin ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
diffuse light reflex ... hemorrhages in the inner retina ... nervefiber layer -> Retinal ... of the terminal retinal ... lesions in the inner retinal
Approach to an Eye Exam

1. History
2. Obvious Physical Trauma
3. Initial Assessment
  A. Visual Acuity
Light Reflex, Accommodation ... Ocular Movements ... Retina B. ... Blood Vessels #Ocular
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... tumor - ↓ Renin ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Bell's palsy
There are many different causes of Facial Nerve Palsy. However, the commonest
cause of unilateral facial
many different causes ... the commonest cause ... Loss of Corneal Reflex ... #Bells #Palsy #Neurology