59 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Diagnosis: Causes ... salicylates) R Renal ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... acidosis/Chronic renal ... failure - Adrenal
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
UNa > 20: • Renal ... Bicarbonaturia with renal ... alkalosis, Ketonuria ... or chronic renal ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... • Penicillins Renal ... Aldosterone-secreting mass • Adrenal
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Alkalosis #Differential ... #Nephrology #Causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Alkalosis #Differential ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
, chronic, or acute ... Differential Diagnosis ... Ketoacidosis, Renal ... loss of bicarb, Renal ... of H+, Renal loss
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... depletion: Respiratory alkalosis ... bone syndrome • Renal ... #causes #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Diagnosis - GOLDMARK ... salicylate toxicity causes ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... #mnemonic #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... diuretics after renal ... #Alkalosis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Causes