pad management - GrepMed

Fig. 8. Surface marking to guide needle insertion. In the paramedian sagittal (PS) oblique view, each interspace (L3–L4 in this case) is centered in turn on the ultrasound screen (A ). A corresponding skin mark is made at the midpoint of the probe's long edge (B ). The probe is then turned 90 degrees to obtain the transverse interlaminar view (C ). The midline is centered on the ultrasound screen, and skin marks are made at the midpoint of the probe's long and short edges (D ). The intersection of these two marks provides an appropriate needle insertion point for a midline approach to the epidural or intrathecal space at that level. #PainManagement #POCUS #Spinal #Epidural #Anesthesia #Anatomy #Probe #Orientation #Marking #Parasagittal #Transverse

#PainManagement #Opioid #Misuse #RedFlags

Top left: probe is positioned in the longitudinal paramedian plane. Top right: sacrum is seen as a continuous hyperechoic line parallel to the skin, approximately 5 cm deep continuing as "cracks" (interspaces) alternating with "lumps" (lamina of different vertebrae). Bottom: close up at a lumbar "crack" (interspace), with lamina of two different vertebrae on the right (caudad) and on the left (cephalad). The elements of the interspace can be easily identified, including distinct images of the posterior dura mater, the epidural space and the ligamentum flavum. The vertebral body-posterior longitudinal ligament-anterior dura mater is seen as a single unit. #PainManagement #Anatomy #POCUS #Spinal #Epidural #Anesthesia #Paramedian #Longitudinal #Parasagittal #Lumbar #Sacrum

Oral Antihypertensive Medications - Selection by Comorbidities
Comorbidities:
• Stable Angina, HFpEF, HFrEF, AFib, TAA/Marfan, Aortic

CKD, DM, ESRD, PKD ... Opioid Withdrawal, PAD ... Matthew Ho, MD PhD ... pharmacology #table #management

Diabetic Foot Ulcer - Peripheral Arterial Disease Assessment Algorithm

Early Revascularization vs Conservative Care

Workup:
• Arterial doppler

Matthew Ho, MD PhD ... Arterial #Disease #PAD ... revascularization #podiatry #management

Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
PAD affects >230 million adults worldwide & is associated with increased

Artery Disease (PAD ... ) PAD affects > ... is considered PAD ... diagnostic of PAD ... #diagnosis #management

$Supracondylar Elbow Fracture • Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 • When looking at$

radiocapitellar lines), fat pads ... posterior fat pad ... syndrome • ED Management ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management

$RADIAL HEAD FRACTURE Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fracture in adults and are$

radiocapitellar lines), fat pads ... posterior fat pad ... fracture • ED Management ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management

Approach to Antithrombotic Therapy in Peripheral Artery Disease
Increased Ischemic Risk:
• Prior MI
• Diabetes
•

Antithrombotic #management ... therapy #dapt #PAD

Lower Extremity Ulcers
Ulcers are defined as abnormal breaks in the skin or mucous membranes. General principles

principles of management ... conditions such as DM & PAD

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