19 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
arrhythmias and paralysis ... treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... #differential #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Recent IV potassium ... Hyperkalemia Periodic paralysis ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Causes of Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia results from abnormal losses, transcellular shifts, or insufficient intake (Table 1).6–8 Abnormal losses
Causes of Hypokalemia ... insufficient intake (Table ... significantly lower potassium ... rarely the sole cause ... #Differential #Causes
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Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Recent IV potassium ... Hyperkalemia Periodic paralysis ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Sensitivity is the proportion of truly diseased persons in the screened population who are identified as
correctly diagnose a case ... that any given case ... implies being able ... it has a narrow focus ... #Calculation #Table
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Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Monitor potassium ... per day until stable ... Management #Summary #causes
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... constipation, diarrhea, nausea ... hypokalemia); nausea ... of aspiration #Potassium ... #pharmacology #table
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... hyperK periodic paralysis ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... Management #Treatment #potassium
Reproductive Number (R0 "R Naught") showing how contagious / transmissible a pathogen is.  The R0
Ebola) and their case-fatality ... Fatality 5-10% (paralytic ... take into account case-fatality ... coronavirus #comparison #table