14 results
Bilirubin Metabolism - Pathophysiology
 • Conjugated Bilirubin
 • Unconjugated Bilirubin

By Dr. Khushboo Gala @LouLectures

#Bilirubin #Metabolism #Pathophysiology
Bilirubin Metabolism ... - Pathophysiology ... • Conjugated Bilirubin ... #Metabolism #Pathophysiology ... #hepatology #Liver
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Metabolism AST ... metabolism: • ... Tests #Laboratory #Metabolism ... #Hepatology #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #LFTs
Hepatitis B - Treatment Indications
Treatment not indicated:
 • Immune tolerant state - HBe-Ag detectable, high HBV
-40 years • Low ... undetectable, low ... injury (INR > 2, bilirubin ... mg/dL) or acute liver ... Indications #management #hepatology
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
Abnormal liver function ... clinical symptoms/signs ... The presence of metabolic ... #LFTs #Abnormal ... #Algorithm #Hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... failure PBC Signs ... slightly elevated • Bilirubin ... or higher • Liver ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
synthesized in: liver ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... Nephrolithiasis • Metabolic ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... , Elevated Cr, Low ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
Diagnosis: HLH signs ... Splenomegaly • Low ... lymph node, or liver ... • Bicytopenia Treatment ... #hematology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
inflammatory disease How ... thrombocytopenia • Liver ... ↑ AST ↑ ALT ↑ bilirubin ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids ... Diagnosis #Management #Hematology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
Prolonged PT/PTT • Low ... protein C and S Pathophysiology ... DIC • Severe Liver ... + Bleeding Treatment ... #management #hematology