13 results
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... ThePeanutKidney #Metabolic ... #Alkalosis #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Algorithm Cl- ... alkalosis • Kidney ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... #urine #Algorithm
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Urinary Chloride ... suction, Congenital chloride ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... alkalosis - Fistulas ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... • Fatigue Chloride ... #Pathophysiology
Hyperaldosteronism Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
Suspicion of primary aldosteronism - Manifestations: hypertension, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis
ORDER: Aldosterone/Renin Activity
Hyperaldosteronism Testing Algorithm ... , hypokalemia, metabolic ... alkalosis ORDER ... Hyperaldosteronism #Algorithm ... #endocrinology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... alkalosis - ... Gitelman #Syndrome #Pathophysiology
Hypothyroid Myopathy
Very common (up to 80% ) in patients with hypothyroidism
Pathophysiology:
 • T4 deficiency leads to
hypothyroidism Pathophysiology ... mitochondrial oxidative metabolism ... Hypothyroid #Myopathy #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates lipolysis Signs ... thickness) - metabolic ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
hypomagnesemia • Metabolic ... alkalosis • Normal ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... alkalosis • Hypocalciuria ... nephrology #management #pathophysiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Due to neuronal metabolism ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology