11 results
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology ... of carbohydrate metabolism ... state and fat metabolism ... #Pathophysiology ... #Diabetes #Endocrinology
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... Ketoacidosis (DKA ... Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome ... Polydipsia #dka ... #comparison #endocrinology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
bodies are a normal metabolic ... fatty acid (FA) metabolism ... of re-feeding syndrome ... ketoacidosis (DKA ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Hypoglycemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Workup:
 • Sulfonylurea Labs
 • Anti-lnsulin Ab - Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome
 •
Hypoglycemia Workup ... Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome ... tumor burden & metabolic ... Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome ... Diagnosis #insulinoma #endocrinology
Tumor lysis syndrome refers to the constellation of metabolic disturbances that occurs when large numbers of
Tumor lysis syndrome ... constellation of metabolic ... intracellular ions and metabolic ... acutekidneyinjury #Pathophysiology ... Presentation #TLS #Workup
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... Findings • Note: in DKA ... Due to neuronal metabolism ... #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Ischemia, Compartment Syndrome ... Beta-Agonists, ↑ work ... Inborn Errors of Metabolism ... Diabetes Mellitus +/- DKA ... in Short Bowel Syndrome
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... White-coat syndrome ... #Hypertension #Workup
Acromegaly - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook 

Clinical Presentation: 
 • Classic Acromegaly: frontal
Hypogonad (50%) • Metabolic ... malignancy Pathophysiology ... Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome ... Diagnosis and Workup ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... mutation in their DNA ... the cells have DNA ... Workup: • Complete ... #diagnosis #hematology