24 results
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
dysrhythmias Hypokalemia ... Abnormalities of calcium metabolism ... • Hypocalcemia ... Hypomagnesemia #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Kussmaul Breathing Pattern

Demonstration of Kussmaul breathing pattern seen here in Diabetic Ketoacidosis.  Initial pH was
Kussmaul Breathing ... Kussmaul breathing ... associated with severe metabolic ... Pattern #Pulmonary #Sign ... #PhysicalExam #
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
, anxiety, and metabolic ... due to metabolic ... Occasional sighs ... Abnormalities #Abnormal #Diagnosis ... #PhysicalExam
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
To prevent hypokalemia ... Due to neuronal metabolism ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... respiration (deep, fast breathing ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Gitelman #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... hypertension and signs ... and metabolic alkalosis ... renal bruit or signs ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
• Incr Glucose Metabolism ... Syndrome - Metabolic ... Refeeding #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis - Illness Script
 • Epidemiology: Asian men age 20-30 with hyperthyroidism of any
and menses • Pathophysiology ... hormone • Symptoms/signs ... Labs/lmaging: Hypokalemia ... Periodic #Paralysis #diagnosis
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... Excessive vomiting - Metabolic ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Acute Otitis Media: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings (in Children)
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: 
 - Bacterial: Streptococcus
the circulation creating ... #OtitisMedia #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #peds #pediatrics