17 results
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... and LMN signs in ... and LMN signs to ... and LMN signs on ... EMG: LMN Signs in
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
It is a clear sign ... reflex. ... very sensitive diagnostic ... #Defect #Neurology ... #Clinical #Video
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
partial retinal red reflex ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Periorbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Dacryoadenitis: infection of the lacrimal glands
b. Conjunctivitis: inflammation of the
position - pupillary ... reflex and visual ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN ... ophthalmoplegia • Afferent pupillary ... Signs and symptoms ... objective evidence of neurologic ... #management #neurology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... : • Pupillary ... • Examine for signs ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
diffuse light reflex ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
nerves -> Afferent pupillary ... Orbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... and signs below ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... : Areflexia UMN ... #neurology #differential
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Typical symptoms ... Less Typical Symptoms ... abdominojugular, reflux ... *Chronic HFrEF may ... lymphatic Diagnostic