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Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Atrial Fibrillation ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... Anticoagulation #Atrial ... #Fibrillation #Cardiology ... #Management #Algorithm
Atrial Fibrillation - Diagnosis, Causes, Presentations
Causes (PIRATES):
 - Pulmonary embolism 
 - Ischemia (cardiac) 
 -
Atrial Fibrillation ... (PIRATES): - Pulmonary ... - Repiratory disease ... myxoma - Thyroid disease ... PIRATES #Emergency #Cardiology
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
• At least 3 different P wave morphologies: 
• Rate 100-180
• Irregular 
Etiology
Multifocal Atrial ... to chronic lung disease ... • Hypoxia • Pulmonary ... #Multifocal #Atrial ... Tachycardia #MAT #Cardiology
Treatment of Stable Narrow-Complex Tachycardia
Regular Rhythm:
 • Attempt vagal maneuvers
 • Give adenosine 6 milligrams IV
with caution in pulmonary ... disease or CHF) ... disease or CHF) ... Treatment #management #cardiology ... #algorithm
Causes of Diastolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Early Diastolic:
 • Aortic Regurgitation
 • Pulmonary Regurgitation (Graham-Steell
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Regurgitation • Pulmonary ... Flint Murmur) • Atrial ... Diastolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Palpitations
 • ARRHYTHMiA 
 • SINUS ARRYTHMIA 
 • ATRIAL FIBRILLATION 
 • ATRIAL
ARRYTHMIA • ATRIAL ... FIBRILLATION • ATRIAL ... TACHYCARDIA • ATRIAL ... PHAEOCHROMOCYTOMA • PULMONARY ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Highlighted Conditions With Arteritis or Periarteritis of the Coronaries
Takayasu's arteritis:
 - Onset < 40 yrs
 -
sinusitis - pulmonary ... IgG4-related disease ... Erdheim-Chester disease ... osteosclerosis) - Right atrial ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Clues to Differential Diagnosis of Central Cyanosis: Onset of cyanosis, Clubbing, Secondary erythrocytosis, Auscultation, X-ray, Echocardiography,
Echocardiography, Arterial ... heart defect - Pulmonary ... diseases - Pulmonary ... Diagnosis #Central #Cardiology
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Disease • ... Arterial Hypertension ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Algorithm for Treatment of Chronic Thromboembolic Disease (CTEPH)
Initial Imaging for Screening - V/Q scan - 90-100%
Algorithm for Treatment ... Thromboembolic Disease ... • Assess for Pulmonary ... cteph #management #algorithm ... #cardiology #pulmonary