20 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
Stork test) • XR ... — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Septic emboli
Septic emboli usually present as multiple ill-defined nodules.
In about 50% cavitation is seen.
CT demonstrates more
can suggest the diagnosis ... feeding vessel sign ... feeding vessel sign ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CTChest #
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
pre-determined etiology Signs ... TendonRupture #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #pathophysiology ... #msk #orthopedics
Venn Diagram - Does this patient have pneumonia?
Diagnosis is generally based on three lines of evidence:
Diagnosis is generally ... ., CXR, CT, ultrasound ... - Pulmonary symptoms ... pain) and signs ... Venn #Diagram #Diagnosis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
pleural effusion on CXR ... cause interstitial lung ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #ExtraArticular
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs ... of CXR congestion
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... , dyspnea, +/- CXR ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... unless worrisome EKG ... Syndrome #TLS #diagnosis
Scoliosis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings (Cobb Angle > 10 Degrees)

 • Incr Axial rotation of thoracic
volume -> Decr lung ... expansion -> Decr lung ... #Scoliosis #pathophysiology ... #msk #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
STEMI Equivalents on ECG
 • Conventional STEMI - Elevation of ST segment at (or 40-60 ms
segment at (or 40-60 ms ... V2 • Wellens sign ... pain • Wellens sign ... #EKG #diagnosis ... #differential #cardiology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Low BMI < 18.5 kg ... Constipation - MSK ... Refeeding #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs