21 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
(AG) = {Na - (Cl ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... or restrictive lung ... disease (COPD, ... #Acid #Base #Gas
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... oxygenation due to a gas ... absence of intrinsic lung ... Arterial blood gas ... #treatment #hepatology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
have fever - ACS ... febrile, give abx ... Elevated uric acid ... TLS #diagnosis #management ... #hematology
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
Diagnosis and Management ... other causes of neurologic ... over course of disease ... recommend using as ... #treatment #hepatology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
Macrophage Activation Syndrome ... rash) • Heart, lung ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Hematology #Rheumatology
Autoimmune Hepatitis

Clinical Presentation
 - Highly variable clinical presentation, from subclinical disease to acute liver failure.
 -
from subclinical disease ... cholestatic pattern has ... Anti-LKM & Anti-ALC ... regarding need for treatment ... #Hepatology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
causes (chronic lung ... disease, left heart ... pressure < 15mmHg TREATMENT ... Hypertension #diagnosis #management ... #hepatology
Pulmonary Nodule
Evaluation is guided by nodule size & assessment of probability of malignancy. In addition is
malignancy is < 1% for all ... The treatment of ... disease and coronary ... artery disease; ... Management options
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Diagnosis and Management ... : • Anti-GAD Ab ... Treatment: • ... SPS #Diagnosis #Management ... #treatment #neurology