71 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
renal Mg wasting syndromes ... - Gitelman syndrome ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... Nephrotic yndrome—podocyte ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndromes ... #Classification
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Diagnosis Renal Causes ... Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Between Nephrotic Syndrome ... and Nephritic Syndrome ... == Nephrotic Syndrome ... == Nephritic Syndrome ... #Nephrotic #Syndrome
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Aldosterone: Liddle's Syndrome ... SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
intake - Magnesium ... eclampsia) - Magnesium-containing ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Diagnosis #High #Magnesium ... #Table #Causes
Effects of Strokes by Location - Anterior vs Posterior Localization

Anterior Circulation 
 - MCA 
 -
- Anterior vs Posterior ... Lenticulostriate artery Posterior ... Artery #Strokes #Syndromes ... #Diagnosis #Table ... Review in Clinical Neurology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Algorithm • Low ... Magnesium, High ... Magnesium - Functional ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
potassium(K) & magnesium ... ↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... Diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome
Lateral Medullary Syndrome - Wallenberg's Syndrome
Acute continuous vertigo due to Posterior Circulation Stroke (usually Posterior Inferior
Lateral Medullary Syndrome ... - Wallenberg's Syndrome ... Ipsilateral Horner's Syndrome ... Lateral #Medullary #Syndrome ... #Wallenbergs #neurology