91 results
Hypertension and Altered Mental Status (AMS) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hypertension:
 • Hypertensive emergency
 • Hypertensive encephalopathy
Pre-Eclampsia Renal ... Acute/Chronic renal ... failure • Renal ... • Scleroderma renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... • Bilateral RAS ... • Unilateral RAS ... Metabolic Causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
: • Renal parenchymal ... disease - Renal ... of renal disease ... Bilateral selective renal ... Screening #Workup #table
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
and Secondary Causes ... Secondary Causes ... Medications - Renal ... • Renal parenchymal ... and bilateral renal
Secondary Causes of Hypertension
Renal hypertension 
Endocrine hypertension 
Cardiovascular hypertension 
Neurogenic hypertension 
Hypertension in pregnancy 
Toxic agent-induced
Secondary Causes ... of Hypertension ... Renal hypertension ... Hypertension in ... #Differential #Causes
Hypotension / Shock Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic:
 • Poor oral intake
 • Hemorrhage
 • Renal loss
 •
Hypotension / Shock ... Hemorrhage • Renal ... • Pulmonary hypertension ... Anaphylaxis • Adrenal ... Algorithm #shock #causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... • Penicillins Renal ... • Malignant Hypertension ... • Renovascular Hypertension
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... the existence of hypertension ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal ... syndrome, Congenital adrenal
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... with previously stable ... eg, presence of renal ... : Renal artery stenosis ... Renal parenchymal
Approach to Possible Hypertensive Emergency

criteria required to diagnose hypertensive emergency
(1) Severe hypertension
 - Usually a MAP
Approach to Possible Hypertensive ... mm is needed to cause ... a hypertensive ... Hypertensive emergency ... proteinuria, or chronic renal