22 results
Algorithm for Diagnosing Diastolic Dysfunction With Doppler Echocardiography
 1. Determine the age of the patient
Diastolic Dysfunction ... presence of diastolic dysfunction ... mitral inflow pattern ... Grade diastolic dysfunction ... Diagnosis #Grading #Classification
Diastolic Function Grading - Schematic diastolic filling patterns

I: impaired relaxation, II: moderate diastolic dysfunction (pseudonormal), III:
diastolic filling patterns ... moderate diastolic dysfunction ... Diastolic #Diastology #Dysfunction ... #Grading #Classification ... Grades #Criteria #Table
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Autoimmune:
 • Isolated
 • Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome 1
 •
Causes of Adrenal ... Thrombophilia • Critical ... • Pituitary dysfunction ... • Hypothalamic dysfunction ... #Causes
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Myocardial • Systolic Dysfunction ... • Diastolic Dysfunction ... Artery Disease • Stable
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... disease Systolic dysfunction ... Diastolic dysfunction ... and obstructive pattern ... #Differential #Causes
Causes, classification and compensatory responses to shock.

Shock can be caused by any pathological process that leads
Causes, classification ... Shock can be caused ... vasodilatation, myocardial dysfunction ... shock is often clinically ... #Types #Classification
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
renal tubular dysfunction ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
-(rare), Valve dysfunction ... failure ++, Valve dysfunction ... in up to 30% of cases ... Valve destruction/dysfunction ... Marantic #diagnosis #table
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... • Extrinsic Causes ... weakness - Bladder dysfunction ... anterior horn gray matter ... - Sphincter dysfunction
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
brain PRES Clinical ... PRES-Associated Clinical ... unclear, endothelial dysfunction ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause