767 results
Cyanide Toxicity 
Treatment:
1) Hydroxocobalamin + Cyanide = Cyanocobalamin (nontoxic) 
   or 
2) Amyl nitrite
Amyl nitrite - causes ... binds cyanide - Sodium ... Pathophysiology #Management
Drugs that Cause Fever
Most commonly:
Amphotericin B, Antihistamines, Asparaginase, Barbiturates, Bleomycin sulfate, Methyldopa, Penicillins, Phenytoin sodium, Procainamide,
Drugs that Cause ... Penicillins, Phenytoin sodium ... Nitrofurantoin sodium ... #Drug #Fever #causes
ECG Changes in Hyperkalemia and Treatment
Membrane Stabilization
 - Calcium gluconate or chloride 
Redistribution
 - Insulin
Albuterol - Sodium ... Furosemide - Sodium ... Hyperkalemia #Treatment #Management
Eosinophils (Eos) and hypereosinophilia (HE)
Caused by eosinophilopoietic cytokines
Common causes:
 - Drug reaction
 - Helminth infection
 -
hypereosinophilia (HE) Caused ... cytokines Common causes ... disease Rare causes ... ) - Solid tumors ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Hyperkalemia Management
Membrane Stabilizers:
 • Calcium gluconate
Shifters:
 • Insulin + glucose
 • Albuterol
Excreters:
 • Furosemide
 • Sodium
Hyperkalemia Management ... Furosemide • Sodium ... bicarbonate • Sodium ... #Hyperkalemia #Management
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... : Most Common Causes ... PRA • ↓ Serum sodium ... ACTH • ↓ Serum sodium ... tests: - Check sodium
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... Treat underlying cause ... : • Causes can ... promoting passive sodium ... SatyaPatelMD #SIADH #Management
Internal Jugular Vein Rouleaux Flow on POCUS

Amazing video of a dilated IJV showing Rouleaux flow. Whenever
Rouleaux Flow on POCUS ... significantly, it causes ... echogenic as in this case ... for underlying cause ... Jugular #IJ #Vein #POCUS
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
109 mEq/L • Sodium ... K - 4 mEq • Sodium ... : 28 mole/L of sodium ... shift • Saline Causes ... • Saline May Cause