54 results
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... dr_missyhanna #Gitelman #Syndrome ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hypereosinophilia and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome

 • Secondary Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
 • Clinically Relevant HES Variants
 • When to
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ... Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ... • Clinically ... and Treatment Algorithm ... Hypereosinophilic #Syndrome
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Increased ... K-ATPase which imports ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
21 • Noonan Syndrome ... • Prader-Willi Syndrome ... Russell-Silver Syndrome ... • Turner Syndrome ... Panhypopituitarism Treatment
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
of hypokalemia starts ... Diuretics, Bartter's syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... acid, Liddle's syndrome ... • Cushing's syndrome
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
Korsakoff Syndrome ... Clinical Findings ... Therefore, Korsakoff Syndrome ... neudrawlogy #Korsakoff #Syndrome ... #neurology #diagnosis
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Anterior Cord Syndrome ... • Central Cord Syndrome ... Posterior Cord Syndrome ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypovolemic ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium