16 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Differential Diagnosis ... acute vs. chronic) 2) ... confusion, seizures) 3) ... Diagnosis #EM #IM ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Differential # ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Step 2. ... administration Step 3. ... HYPOVOLEMIC • ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
resuscitation if hypovolemic ... step 2 = consider ... fludrocortisone step 3 ... diuretics #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Urine Osmolarity 3) ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... history Step #2 ... Uglucose Step #3 ... #Sodium #nephrology
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 - MAP <65. SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 -
Shock - Differential ... compression • Hypovolemic ... ) MAP > 60-65 2) ... Lactate < 2.0 3) ... #criticalcare #algorithm
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Then, ask 3 questions ... approach to the differential ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... #Differential # ... #management #nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm
1) Check serum osmolality
2) Check urine osmolality
3) ADH Dependent - Check volume status, urine
Algorithm 1) Check ... serum osmolality 2) ... urine osmolality 3) ... #differential # ... hyponatremia #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... water unavailable 2) ... post-obstructive 3) ... #management #nephrology