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Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... distal to the knee ... granuloma - Synovial ... Hemophilia - Synovium ... differential #diagnosis #msk
Primary Synovial Chondromatosis on Knee X-Ray
It is a benign monoarticular disorder.
It is characterized by synovial metaplasia
Primary Synovial ... Chondromatosis on Knee ... characterized by synovial ... Chondromatosis #Knee ... clinical #radiology #msk
Baker's Cyst on POCUS 
63yo w p/w pain and swelling behind knee.  Probe on knee
swelling behind knee ... Probe on knee crease ... Baker's Cyst. synovial ... POCUS #ultrasound #knee ... #clinical #msk
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease
Inflammatory Joint Disease
 • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
accumulation in the synovial ... triggers a mild synovial ... fluid into the synovial ... commonly affects the knee ... Comparison #Versus #MSK
Arthrocentesis of synovial fluid - Interpretation
 - Normal
 - Noninflammatory	
 - Inflammatory	
 - Septic

Viscosity of synovial
Arthrocentesis of synovial ... Viscosity of synovial ... unlikely with synovial ... Arthrocentesis #Joint #Syonvial
Knee POCUS: Synovial Hypertrophy 
#Clinical	#EM #Ortho #Radiology	#POCUS #Knee #Effusion #Synovium #Hypertrophy #SynovialHypertrophy #SonoStuff
Knee POCUS: Synovial ... Radiology #POCUS #Knee ... #Effusion #Synovium
Knee Effusions - Arthrocentesis Interpretation

Inflammatory arthritis:
 • Color: Yellow-> Green
 • Clarity: Opaque
 • Viscosity: Low
Knee Effusions - ... analysis: • MSU ... fluid • TB: Synovial ... and culture or synovial ... Singh @rav7ks #Knee
Synovial Fluid Analysis:

Findings (COLOR	TRANSPARENCY	VISCOSITY	WBC COUNT (PER MM3)	PMN CELL COUNT (%)	GRAM STAIN	CULTURE	PCR TEST	CRYSTALS)

By Condition (Normal 
Noninflammatory 
Inflammatory:
Synovial Fluid Analysis ... Arthrocentesis #Joint #Syonvial
Anatomy of the knee 

#knee #anatomy #orthopedics #diagram #msk
Anatomy of the knee ... #knee #anatomy ... orthopedics #diagram #msk
Clarke's Test (Patellar Grind Test)

Indicates Patellofemoral dysfunction.
 - Patient with knee in extension. Push posterior on
- Patient with knee ... of patella then ask ... is produced in knee ... #physicalexam #knee ... Patellofemoral #msk