21 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Sclerosis (MS) ... nearly 3:1 • MS ... • Or brainstem syndromes ... resonance imaging [MRI ... criteria for MS
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
Parinaud's Syndrome ... upgaze - Light-near ... region tumors - Multiple ... #diagnosis #pineal ... #neurology
Patellofemoral Syndrome - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Knee Pain with possible symptoms of 'catching'
Patellofemoral Syndrome ... patellofemoral joint with MRI ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #msk
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... • Light-near dissociation ... region tumors • Multiple ... "setting sun" sign ... #neurology #diagnosis
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
10-33% develop MS ... • Bilateral signs ... swollen, while in MS ... Predictive of MS ... sclerosis (MS)
McDonald Criteria for Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
 • 2 or more attacks, 2 or more lesions
McDonald Criteria for Diagnosis ... of Multiple Sclerosis ... from onset - One year ... #Multiple #Sclerosis ... #MS #neurology
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Demyelinating Disease (MS ... Guillain-Barre syndrome ... , Mononeuritis multiplex ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Brain, Eye, and Ear ... important, as early diagnosis ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... consistent with MS ... #neurology #noninflammatory
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... suspected, immediate MRI ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology