12 results
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... → no signs of CXR ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
infiltration damages tear ... pleural effusion on CXR ... cause interstitial lung ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Pleural effusion is not always visible as a meniscus in the costophrenic angle. 
A subpulmonic effusion
bubble and the lung ... a patient with signs ... of CHF. ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Pleural
Myasthenic Crisis Checklist - Myasthenia Gravis

Evaluation 
 - Chest X-ray and lung ultrasound (exclude other lung
Chest X-ray and lung ... ultrasound (exclude ... other lung disease ... or TSH level if symptoms ... monitoring (vital signs
Local Anaesthetic Toxicity - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Signs of severe toxicity:
 • Sudden alteration in
in Anaesthesia Signs ... immediate clinical team ... ensure adequate lung ... Start continuous CPR ... Intraoperative #Checklist
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
granulomas within the lungs ... patients have no symptoms ... e.g. incidental CXR ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs ... #Symptoms
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
inform clinical team ... indicated, start CPR ... • Call for ultrasound ... examination and vital signs ... Intraoperative #Checklist
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
is unconscious, signs ... is conscious, symptoms ... Inform theatre team ... consultation with cardiology ... Intraoperative #Checklist
Increased pulmonary venous pressure is related to the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and can be
logical sequence of signs ... chronic obstructive lung ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #CHF #CXR #Stages ... #Findings #Signs
High Central Neuraxial Block - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Can occur with deliberate or accidental
Symptoms are ... inform theatre team ... • CPR may be ... that may mimic signs ... Intraoperative #Checklist