43 results
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... Hypertension - Differential ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... Acromegaly #Secondary ... #Hypertension #Differential
Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • Autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency
 • Adrenoleukodystrophy,
- Differential ... Workup Algorithm Primary ... • Autoimmune primary ... or tuberculosis Secondary ... Workup #Algorithm #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis ... ACTH) stimulation test ... baseline ACTH - Primary ... baseline ACTH - Secondary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm - Evaluation of HPA Axis Response to ACTH

Early am cortisol < 3
Adrenal Insufficiency ... OR secondary AI ... Standard Stim test ... #Stimulation #Test ... #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Hypokalemia - Differential ... suggests either secondary ... or primary hyperaldosteronism ... • Primary Hyperaldosteronism ... #hypokalemia #differential
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ACTH-Dependent (Secondary):
 • Pituitary Dysfunction
 • Hypothalamic Dysfunction
ACTH-Independent (Primary):
Insufficiency - Differential ... ACTH-Dependent (Secondary ... ACTH-Independent (Primary ... Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #endocrinology
Adrenal Incidentalomas: Hormone Evaluation
 • Zona Glomerulosa: Primary Hyperaldosteronism?
    - Aldosterone and renin
Adrenal Incidentalomas ... Zona Glomerulosa: Primary ... Fasciculata: Cushing Syndrome ... dexamethasone test ... Diagnosis #workup #endocrinology
Diagnosis Adrenal Insufficiency - Algorithm

Step 1) Screening Test: 6-8AM Cortisol Level
 - Early morning cortisol levels
Step 3) Differentiate ... primary vs secondary ... consistent with secondary ... consistent with primary ... #Stimulation #Endocrinology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • ACTH stimulation test - Synthetic ACTH does not stimulate cortisol secretion because
Primary Adrenal ... autoimmune-mediated primary ... Secondary Adrenal ... - If the secondary ... diagnosis #testing #endocrinology
Cushing Syndrome Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Suspected Cushing syndrome (central obesity, muscle weakness, refractory hypertension)
Testing:
Cushing Syndrome ... dexamethasone suppression test ... Hormone • MRI of adrenal ... diagnosis #algorithm #endocrinology ... #Adrenal #Hyperfunction