46 results
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
and Screening Testing ... CT scan, adrenal ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... Mineralocorticoid excess syndromes ... #Screening #Workup
Cushing Syndrome Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Suspected Cushing syndrome (central obesity, muscle weakness, refractory hypertension)
Testing:
Cushing Syndrome ... dexamethasone suppression test ... Hormone • MRI of adrenal ... diagnosis #algorithm #endocrinology ... #Adrenal #Hyperfunction
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Diagnosis Algorithm Clinical ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... , hypoglycemia Testing ... ACTH) stimulation test ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Adrenal Incidentalomas: Hormone Evaluation
 • Zona Glomerulosa: Primary Hyperaldosteronism?
    - Aldosterone and renin
Adrenal Incidentalomas ... Fasciculata: Cushing Syndrome ... dexamethasone test ... Evaluation #Diagnosis #workup ... #endocrinology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • ACTH stimulation test - Synthetic ACTH does not stimulate cortisol secretion because
ACTH stimulation test ... aldosterone - Low in cases ... laboratory #diagnosis #testing ... #endocrinology ... #workup
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm - Evaluation of HPA Axis Response to ACTH

Early am cortisol < 3
unclear (often the case ... then go to stim testing ... Standard Stim test ... #Stimulation #Test ... #Endocrinology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Mg wasting syndromes ... - Gitelman syndrome ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... Classification #Causes ... #Workup #hypomg
Hypoglycemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Fasting Hypoglycemia:
 • Excess Insulin
 • Medications (e.g. Insulin Secretagogues, ß-Adrenergic Antagonists,
Idiopathic Other Causes ... : • Critical Illness ... Hypopituitarism • Adrenal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Infectious Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency
Anatomical distribution of vessels to the adrenal makes the gland prone to
Infectious Causes ... hemorrhage in the setting ... Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome ... #Infectious #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #endocrinology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Blood Work: - ... renal Mg++ wasting ... excretion of Cl > 0.5% Clinical ... dr_missyhanna #Gitelman #Syndrome