20 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
S1 => Weakened stability ... XR — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
strain => Bone ... micro-damage exceeds ability ... StressFractures #msk ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Diagram of different types of bone tumors that can occur around the knee on XRay -
involucrum • Paget disease ... phase • Paget disease ... blade of grass sign ... #Differential #Radiology ... #XRay #msk #lesions
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
tear a portion of bone ... onto lateral hip Signs ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Diagram of different types of bone tumors that can occur around the knee on XRay
Age <
involucrum • Paget disease ... phase • Paget disease ... blade of grass sign ... Differential #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #XRay #MSK #pediatrics
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
fractured carpal bone ... "pooping duck sign ... "pooping duck sign ... Wrist #Carpal #Radiology ... Orthopedics #Sports #MSK
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Pott's Disease in ... cases Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... of bacilli to bone
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
The epidemiology of this disease is 1/340,000 births and roughly double
history of the disease ... Signs of immunodeficiency ... humoral immunity Signs ... cells in blood and bone ... Agammaglobulinemia #XLinked #pathophysiology
Polycythemia Vera (PV) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Diagnostic Criteria:
 • Elevated hemoglobin and/or hematocrit AND
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... Hypercellular bone ... present, symptoms, signs ... von Willebrand disease ... PV #Diagnosis #Management