13 results
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Benign / Flow ... Degenerative (Tricuspid ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic
C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis
H - Heavy Chain deposition
Causes of Hypocomplementemia ... subacute bacterial endocarditis ... Hypocomplementemia #Low ... #Complement #CHAMPS ... #Mnemonic #diagnosis
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
pathophysiologic causes ... staining): • Low ... Cryoglobulinemia, Endocarditis ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis ... #differential #diagnosis
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
- Differential Diagnosis ... Autoimmune: ANCA-Assoc vasculitis ... regurgitation, Tricuspid ... endocarditis), ... #pulmonary #causes
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... tract, and often causes ... Differential Diagnosis ... against MPO • Complement ... (Low levels mixed
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Septic Emboli Cause ... valvular disease • Vasculitis ... Diagnosis? ... Treat underlying cause ... Substance use: R > L Tricuspid
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• They can cause ... Cryoglobulins Cause ... Labs/Diagnosis: ... factor level • Low ... serum C4 complement
CREAM Mnemonic for Causes of Aortic Regurgitation

C - Congenital (Bicuspid Aortic Valve)
R - Rheumatic disease -
CREAM Mnemonic for ... Causes of Aortic ... - Congenital (Bicuspid ... endemic areas E - Endocarditis ... #Differential #Diagnosis
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
anti-Smith Ab, low ... complements and ... Differential Diagnosis ... • Libman-Sacks endocarditis ... , lymphopenia, low
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
in monitoring low-level ... or alternative complement ... infections are common causes ... for ANCA-related vasculitis ... testing #workup #diagnosis