18 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Approach to Headaches ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... thunderclap) of worst headache ... MatthewHoMD #Headache
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
Photophobia and Headache ... - Differential ... photophobia and headache ... Primary headaches ... meningeal irritation signs
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
Primary headache ... C" (common for causes ... loss, cancer, HIV ... N Neurological signs ... confusion, focal signs
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
With Different Headache ... anemia, febrile headache ... Fever - Febrile headache ... ), IIH #headache ... #clues #differential
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Symptoms: Fever, headache ... Symptoms: Fever, headache ... Demyelinating disease caused ... • Symptoms: Headache
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... hepatitis serology, HIV ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
occur during the headache ... 24% always had headache ... vertigo and 67% had headache ... occur during the headache-free ... #differential #
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Symptoms: • Headache ... features include - Headache ... Meningitis: • Headache ... can present with primarily ... Acute meningeal signs
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... of Headache and ... usual or customary headache ... severe pain; "worst headache ... examination #headache
Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Pachymeningitis is a rare condition that causes areas of a layer
condition that causes ... thickening can cause ... vision changes, headaches ... hypotension - Primary ... brain sagging syndrome