29 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Diagnosis- Compatible syndrome ... granulomatosis: • EBV-associated ... cryptococcus, and ... #Brain #differential ... causes #radiology #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... Systemic symptoms and ... Space-occupying brain lesion ... • CNS infection
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Principles of HIV-Associated ... ; associated intracranial ... #Infections #differential ... #diagnosis #AIDS
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
Systemic disease associated ... basal ganglia, CNS ... meningitis), MCC CNS ... symptoms (headache ... Behcet disease) Differential
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
nervous system (CNS ... • MOG antibody-associated ... disorder • ANCA-associated ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential #
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Glycols - ethylene and ... Oxoproline - associated ... with short bowel syndrome ... underexcretion of acids ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Associated With ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... pressure, mass lesions ... VI) - Mass lesion ... symptoms #clues #differential
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
in size (micro and ... • CNS: parietal ... encephalitis) • Brain lesions ... #diagnosis #neurology ... #differential
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
bilateral white matter lesions ... well-defined than PML lesions ... The clinical syndrome ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
characterized by: • Headache ... mental status • Headache ... fluctuations PRES-Associated ... showing cortical lesions ... Reversible course Differential