15 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
CNS Ring-Enhancing ... splenomegaly Other infections ... Infectious: ... #Brain #differential ... causes #radiology #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential ... Space-occupying brain ... lesionCNS ... infection (e.g., ... #Differential #
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
CNS Infection in ... HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Suspect in movement disorders ... #Infections #differential ... #diagnosis #AIDS
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential ... : • Traumatic brain ... • Disorder of ... • CNS Vasculitis ... #differential #
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
common cause) • Infection ... encephalitis) • Brain ... lesions (e.g. stroke ... • Psychiatric disorders ... #differential
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
Stroke Mimics - Differential ... Hypercarbia • Infectious ... Vestibular neuronitis, CNS ... Sclerosis, Conversion Disorder ... MINT #Mnemonic #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
early stages of infection ... bilateral white matter lesions ... well-defined than PML lesions ... #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... Non-neuromuscular disorder ... pulmonary etc) • CNS ... nervous system: Brain ... : Brain abscess
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
ring-enhanced lesion ... contrast enhancement Brain ... • Papilledema, headache ... Tuberculosis #diagnosis #differential ... #TB #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... ruled out • Brain ... MRI: Check for brain ... diagnosis #management #neurology ... #differential