12 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
CNS Ring-Enhancing ... granulomatosis: • EBV-associated ... lung nodules, may also ... #Brain #differential ... causes #radiology #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential ... history of cancer, HIV ... Space-occupying brain ... lesionCNS ... #Differential #
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Principles of HIV-Associated ... ; associated intracranial ... #differential # ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive ... Definition: HIV-Associated ... bilateral white matter lesions ... well-defined than PML lesions ... reversible • HAND is also
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
Systemic disease associated ... symptoms (headache ... Medium and large also ... Behcet disease) Differential ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... nervous system: Brain ... • Infectious: Brain ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... Neoplastic: Malignancy-associated
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
fluctuations PRES-Associated ... showing cortical lesions ... Reversible course Differential ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management ... #neurology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... 50 years • New headache ... Progressive symptoms of headache ... VASCULITIS: ANCA Associated ... aneurysms can also
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
affecting the Brain ... is important, as ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... LHON) plus MRI lesions ... noninflammatory #differential
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
MRI: Brain, cervical ... conditions listed in differential ... motor neurons - IV ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology ... #diagnosis #management