31 results
Nail diseases and disorders.
 - Spoon Nails (Koilonychia)
 - Pitting of Nails
 - Beau's Lines
 -
Leukonychia (white spots ... ) #Diagnosis # ... #Leukonychia #Table ... #Clinical #PhysicalExam
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
initiation of nutrition ... changes and may cause ... severe clinical ... Refeeding #Syndrome #Nutrition ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Etiologies of Folate Deficiency
 • Decreased dietary intake - uncommon in this era
 • Increased requirements
folate that can cause ... mobilize folate stores ... depleted tissue stores ... #differential #diagnosis ... #hematology #nutrition
Hordeolum vs Chalazion

Hordeolum (Stye):
 • Location: Most commonly found at or near an eyelash follicle
 •
eyelash follicle • Cause ... eyedrops, surgery #Clinical ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Ophthalmology ... Chalazion #Comparison #Table
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Pulmonary Embolism - Risk Stratification and Prognostication based on scores and clinical features

 • Bova score
Prognostication based on scores ... and clinical features ... class (30-day all cause ... Hemodynamics (Stable ... prognostication #diagnosis
Asterixis is a type of negative myoclonus characterized by irregular lapses of posture of various body
characterized by irregular lapses ... of various body parts ... hyperammonemia #PhysicalExam ... #clinical #diagnosis
Lung Findings on Physical Exam
Crackles:
 • Short, discontinuous, sounds mostly heard during inspiration
 • Caused by
Exam Crackles: • Short ... inspiration • Caused ... wheezing, you must take ... Findings #Pulmonary #PhysicalExam ... #diagnosis #signs
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... large total body stores ... consider other diagnosis ... #management #nutrition
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Pathogenesis and clinical ... -> Cotton-wool spots ... retinal ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications