10 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Interstitial lung ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Pulmonary
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
: Interstitial lung ... ventilation (V) in the lungs ... direction leads to hypoxemia ... bypassing the lungs ... #Failure #hypoxia
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Possible small plural effusion ... pleura in severe cases ... Possible bilateral effusion ... severity Acute Respiratory ... A-Lines - Deep Vein
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation: CNS of Respiratory ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... Disease and more • Diffusion ... , Interstitial Lung ... #Hypoxia #hypoxemia
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
- Rapid saline infusion ... , pain, fever, hypoxia ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... with associated hypoxia ... or restrictive lung
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
including restrictive lung ... consider infarction, hypoxia ... Breathing In lung ... Breathing #Patterns #Pulmonary ... Abnormalities #Abnormal
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Uncommon Causes ... blood cells in the lung ... of acute respiratory ... dyspnea, tachypnea, hypoxemia ... and systemic veins
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Causes include: ... • Flat neck veins ... ECHO: • Normal ... Etiology: • Acute respiratory ... Transfusion-related acute lung
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic cough • Hypoxia ... Most Common Causes ... in the adjacent lung ... of the affected lung ... - BAR >1.0 is abnormal
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
Amiodarone Induced Lung ... exudative pleural effusions ... toxicity (e.g., acute respiratory ... Exclude other causes ... Eosinophilia • Normal