18 results
Capnography
Measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide can be used to confirm ETT placement, for safer procedural sedation,
The Capnograph waveform ... ventilation • Phase Ill ... Specific capnograph patterns ... interpretation #waveforms ... #patterns #diagnosis
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
Basics of Waveform ... Capnography Waveform ... PATTERNS: • BRONCHOSPASM ... surface - Pattern ... interpretation #patterns
Here are the most common examples of these four patterns on a chest x-ray (click image
of these four patterns ... consolidation - Diffuse ... consolidation - Multifocal ill-defined ... Nodule - Multiple Masses ... Consolidation #Patterns
Beginner's Guide to End-Tital Capnography
4 Phases of the Capnoqram
I - Inspiration and expiration Of dead space
II
with "shark fin" waveform ... with decreasing waveform ... sharp increase in waveform ... Capnography #Capnogram #Patterns ... #Waveform #Interpretation
Differential diagnosis
The table summarizes the most common diseases, that present with consolidation.
Chronic diseases are indicated in
Differential diagnosis ... to think of the differential ... to look at the pattern ... more than one pattern ... lobar pneumonia caused
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
BOOP • Type of interstitial ... Unknown • 6-7 cases ... consolidation and GG pattern ... Pulmonary lymphoma, Diffuse ... BOOP #pulmonary #ILD
Algorithm for nodular pattern
The algorithm to distinguish perilymphatic, random and centrilobular nodules is the following:
- Look
pattern The algorithm ... are visible, the pattern ... bronchovascular interstitium ... the nodules are diffuse ... NodularPattern #Nodular #Pattern
The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) comprise a heterogenous group of disorders. 
They represent fundamental responses of
indicates unknown cause ... have specific patterns ... realise, that these patterns ... of NSIP, UIP, OP ... IdiopathicInterstitialPneumonia #ILD
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Dyspnea - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Neoplasm Pulmonary Interstitium ... • ILD • CHF ... #Causes
Fluid Responsiveness and Fluid Tolerance Testing - OnePager Summary
Fluid resuscitation can be beneficial when required or
Analysis of the waveform ... PULSE OXIMETRY WAVEFORM ... plethysmographic waveform ... PULMONARY A vs B-LINE PATTERN ... predominant lung US pattern