Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 β€’
Management of Hyperkalemia ... mmol/L - Consider cause ... of hyperkalaemia ... recurrence #Hyperkalemia ... #management #algorithm
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 β€’ Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 β€’ Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Elevated PTH (High ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Thiazides/Lithium #Hypercalcemia ... #causes #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Hypercalcemia Evaluation ... 1) Clinical clues ... PTH - Frankly high ... BrighamChiefs #Hypercalcemia ... calcium #elevated #evaluation
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
An acute, life-threatening condition that appears within 7 days of starting cytotoxic therapies in
) occur in high ... malignancies Treatments ... 6L/day) β€’ For hyperkalemia ... otherwise treat with "hyperkalemia ... Lysis #Syndrome #TLS
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm
 β€’ Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation
 β€’ Reconsider treatment leadingto
Hyperkalemia Management ... the cause & optimize ... leadingto hyperkalemia ... / Removal #Hyperkalemia ... #high
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 β€’ Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Increased production: TLS ... Hemolysis β€’ Pseudo hyperkalemia ... Medicine @ucsdim #Hyperkalemia ... #potassium #high
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... Algorithm Before ... evaluating hypokalemia ... wasting from other causes ... urinary losses: β€’ High
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 β€’ Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
immature blasts and high ... WBC count cause ... leukapheresis - TLS ... Spontaneous if high ... hydration - Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 β€’ IV calcium
 β€’ IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 β€’ Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... Algorithm β€’ IV ... , asystole #hyperkalemia ... #potassium #high ... #treatment
Bradycardia Diagnostic and Management Algorithm

CONSIDER ETIOLOGY (not inclusive): 
 - STRUCTURAL: sick sinus, AV block, ischemia,
and Management Algorithm ... LIFE THREATENING CAUSES ... & TREATMENT - ... Electrolytes (hyperkalemia ... #Bradycardia #Algorithm