Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Lupus Nephritis Classification Algorithm

#Lupus #Nephritis #Classification #Algorithm #diagnosis #differential #types #rheumatology #nephrology #renal
Lupus Nephritis Classification ... Algorithm #Lupus ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #rheumatology #nephrology ... #renal
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
cells FEMg >4% = renal ... if renal function ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
diarrhea / IBD Renal ... - Familial renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndrome ... #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Low ... oral intake Renal ... • Bartter's syndrome ... #Classification
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm
- GI Losses
- Redistribution
- 1° HPT
- 1° Renal PO4 wasting: Hereditary, TIO, Fanconi Syndrome,
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic ... Algorithm - GI ... - 1° HPT - 1° Renal ... , TIO, Fanconi Syndrome ... #nephrology
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
by Mechanism Renal ... intake - Magnesium ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #High #Magnesium
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm • Low ... Magnesium, High ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology