Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 β€’ Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Differential Diagnosis ... and Gitelman syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal K loss β€’ Hypomagnesemia-induced ... #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... β€’ Gitelman's syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 β€’ Focal: Simple, Complex
 β€’ Generalized: Absence,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Hyponatremia, Hypomagnesemia ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #neurology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia - ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Low # ... Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Common Patterns on Urinalysis
 - Prerenal
 - ATN
 - AIN
 -
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Nephritic Syndrome ... AKI #Urinalysis #diagnosis ... #table #comparison ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 β€’ Extravascular: Pancreatitis, surgery, acute phosphate intake and renal
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pancreatitis, surgery, acute ... contrast agents β€’ Hypomagnesemia ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #algorithm
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
β€’ poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
β€’ Medication 
β€’ Hypomagnesemia 
β€’
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Medication β€’ Hypomagnesemia ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Classification