Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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21 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Urine Osmolarity ... 3) Urine Sodium ... #Differential #
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Differential Algorithm ... sodium and serum ... - Urine sodium ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm
1) Check serum osmolality
2) Check urine osmolality
3) ADH Dependent - Check volume status, urine
serum osmolality 2) ... 3) ADH Dependent ... sodium, uric acid ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... nephrology
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis β†’
Neurological event 2) ... Sodium loss from ... tubules 3) Naturiesis ... β†’ Increased urine ... #hyponatremia #
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... history Step #2 ... Uglucose Step #3 ... Management #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment of Hyponatremic Encephalopathy
1) 100 ml bolus of 3% NaCl over 10 min.
for Treatment of Hyponatremic ... sodium should be ... Increase in sodium ... L. 5) Monitor urine ... output for signs
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... administration Step 3. ... Workup #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
approach to the differential ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... Measure urine osmolality ... #Differential # ... #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
history, exam, and urine ... DI; high dilute urine ... water unavailable 2) ... post-obstructive 3) ... #sodium
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 β€’ Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 β€’ Facilitating passage of stone:
Hydration: 1.5-2 ... retrieve stone using urine ... ECWL +/- Stent: < 2 ... protein - Low sodium ... Management #Pediatrics #nephrology