Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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14 results
Kidney stone type, corresponding urine sediment, urinary risk factors, and associated clinical settings.
#Diagnosis #Nephrology #Urine #Microscopy
Kidney stone type ... sediment, urinary ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #Urinary #Kidney ... #Stones #Crystals
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... microscopy / urinary ... calcium Optional: urinary ... clinical context and signs ... imaging #Acute #Kidney
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 β€’ Epithelial cells - Normal
 β€’ Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... anywhere in the urinary ... also be seen if urine ... - Some crystals ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 β€’ Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... alkalosis β€’ Kidney ... Cl- outside the kidneys ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Urinary ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 β€’ Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 β€’ Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... Kidney Stones Acute ... Targeted Rx: β€’ PRIMARY ... Stones #Management #Pediatrics ... #nephrology #nephrolithiasis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... broad - Advanced kidney ... White blood cell - Urinary ... amzn.to/34t5DgJ #Urinary
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Approach to Acute Kidney ... require urgent nephrology ... circulating volume, Urinary ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... , RBCs, casts, crystals
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Causes of Altered Urine ... Conditions: urinary ... Conditions: Pseudomonas urinary ... Uric acid crystals ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... β€’ Diarrhea A urine ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 β€’ Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 β€’ Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
compromise Clinical Signs ... frequency, urinary ... be present or signs ... KUB or abdominal ultrasound ... present β€’ UA and Urine