Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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nephrology differential algorithm treatment workup acute aki alkalosis casts causes chloride cystitis emphysematous gitelman hematuria hypokalemia injury low metabolic microscopy
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... Investigations: full blood ... microscopy / urinary ... clinical context and signs
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... broad - Advanced kidney ... disease Red blood ... Glomerulonephritis White blood ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones Acute Managment: • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... Kidney Stones Acute ... Managment: • Pain ... Targeted Rx: • PRIMARY ... #Pediatrics #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... • Normal/low blood ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Urinary ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient • Bacterial: Escherichia
carcinoma (native kidney ... #differential #diagnosis ... #kidney #blood ... #urine #management ... #treatment #nephrology
Emphysematous Cystitis Epidemiology: • Usually middle-aged diabetic women • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
compromise Clinical Signs ... be present or signs ... KUB or abdominal ultrasound ... present • UA and Urine ... #management
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup Blood Work: - Hypokalemia - Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic Alkalosis - Elevated
and Workup Blood ... Elevated Renin Urine ... - Normal Renal Ultrasound ... of echogenic kidneys ... #Workup #nephrology
Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis and Management Summary 10 percent rule = 10% of pheochromocytomas are extra-adrenal, multiple, bilateral,
Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis ... and Management ... bilateral, malignant, pediatric ... Symptoms and Signs ... common symptoms and signs
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