Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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diagnosis differential hyponatremia low hypokalemia management nephrology workup acei arb hypernatremia hypertension hypomagnesemia hypomg hypotonic infectiousdiseases initiation kdigo magnesium microbiology
Uveitis - Definition, Causes and SUN Classification Inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina and/or choroid Incidence
and SUN Classification ... Inflammation of the iris ... body, vitreous, retina ... blindness, linked to macular ... secondary glaucoma and retinal
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... oral intake Renal ... Nonreabsorbable anions • Renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Classification
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Sodium loss (diuretics ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis GI losses / Insensible losses Sodium Overload Transcellular Movement of Water Central Diabetes Insipidus
Insensible losses Sodium ... hypokalemia - Various renal ... diseases (e.g. renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) - Volume depletion
Suppressed - Advanced renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing Common causes: • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... Testing Common causes ... Tests to evaluate cause ... Oral sodium loading ... Screening #Workup #table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Poor Intake - Starvation - Anorexia GI Losses - Vomiting / NG
Mineralocorticoid excess - Renal ... Low #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
diarrhea / IBD Renal ... - Familial renal ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Management of Hyponatremia Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125 Give
SIADH — look for cause ... hourly • Identify Cause ... considerations: Addison's, Renal ... Hyponatremia #Management #algorithm ... #treatment #sodium
ACEI or ARB Initiation Hyperkalemia: - Review concurrent drugs - Moderate potassium Intake - Consider: diuretics, sodium
Consider: diuretics, sodium ... - Review for causes ... ) - Consider renal ... Initiation #monitoring #algorithm
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