Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Causes, classification and compensatory responses to shock.

Shock can be caused by any pathological process that leads
Causes, classification ... Shock can be caused ... The cause of shock ... is often clinically ... #Types #Classification
FALLS protocol - POCUS evaluation in shock

The FALLS-protocol is an ultrasound evaluation of patients with acute
protocol - POCUS evaluation ... FALLS-protocol is ... is present according ... classification ... #Algorithm
Shock Classification Types - Pathophysiology Comparison

Obstructive Shock:
 β€’ Obstructive shock is characterized by a blockage in
Shock Classification ... Types - Pathophysiology ... in blood flow caused ... Depends on the cause ... #Shock #Types #Pathophysiology
Hypernatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm
Step 1: Consider history. Most patients presenting with hypernatremia are either very
Algorithm Step ... determine the type ... initial Uosm and its ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Evaluation #Algorithm
Common Vasopressors and Inotropes
Norepinephrine (NE)
 - Indication: Distributive shock (1st line for septic shock), Cardiogenic shock
HR is not desired ... where ↑ HR is not ... Bradyarrhythmias, Some cases ... be used in all types ... Inotropes #comparison #table
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm

Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated
Step 2:
Algorithm Step ... Step 5: If SIADH is ... considered likely, the cause ... Hyponatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Evaluation #Algorithm
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
Algorithm for the ... evaluation of macrocytic ... the most likely cause ... recovery also causes ... #Workup #AAFP
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Chronic diarrhea / IBD ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
TABLE 2. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) sub-classifications
lBS-diarrhoea (IBS-D)
 - >25% loose or watery stools; <25% hard
TABLE 2. ... bowel syndrome (IBS ... ) sub-classifications ... of incomplete evacuation ... #Classes #Diagnosis
Mains Electricity Failure - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Unexpected total power failure is rare and unpredictable.
Guidelines for Crises ... β€’ If immediate evacuation ... stable and wound ... β€’ Consider evacuation ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup