Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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diagnosis nephrology algorithm causes metabolic aki base disorders injury pediatrics stones workup abg acidbase bloodgas casts chloride evaluation gas hypokalemia
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis 1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG). 2)
Approach to Acid ... Evaluation and Differential ... the chronicity (acute ... , chronic, or acute ... can be done by using
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... and potassium acid ... #Urinary #Chloride ... #differential #
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework PRE-Renal AKI: • Hypovolemia • Congestion • Medications •
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Differential ... Congestion • Medications ... AKI: • Urinary ... Diagnosis #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Acute or chronic ... Compensation, Acute ... acetaminophen dosing ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... urine microscopy / urinary ... calcium Optional: urinary ... electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... #Kidney #Injury
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
individuals or during ... casts are seen in acute ... broad - Advanced kidney ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... #Casts #Differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... suggests extra-renal ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Metabolic acidosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... diuretics after renal ... #Differential #
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones Acute Managment: • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids • Facilitating passage of stone:
Stones Acute Managment ... retrieve stone using ... Surgical Rx: • ACUTE ... Monitoring for extra-renal ... d-Penicillamine, ascorbic acid
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes of Kidney ... Calcium Oxalate: Primary ... type A/B • Uric Acid ... Tubular Acidosis ... #differential #
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