Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Adjuvant therapies in critical care: steroids to treat infectious diseases
 - Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia
steroids to treat infectious ... respiratory distress syndrome ... Corticosteroids #Adjuvant #InfectiousDiseases ... #Infections #Pharmacology ... #Management #Treatment
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary tract infections ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Differential #Microscopy ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Pharmacological Treatment of Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Midodrine - Alpha agonist incr blood pressure incr renal perfusion pressure
Pharmacological Treatment ... of Hepatorenal Syndrome ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #HepatoRenal #Syndrome ... #Nephrology #Management
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome ... polyangiitis, Microscopic ... allopurinol), Infection ... DAH, rule out infection ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 β€’ Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... can be either infectious ... or non-infectious ... #Casts #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Glomerulonephritis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
ANCA:
 β€’ C-ANCA: GPA (Wegener's)
 β€’ P-ANCA: Microscopic Polyangiitis, Eosinophilic GPA (Churg
Wegener's) β€’ P-ANCA: Microscopic ... Mediated: β€’ ↓C3: Infection-Related ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 β€’ Dehydration
 β€’ Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 β€’ Liver failure
a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... a.k.a. hepatorenal syndrome ... disease - Post-infectious ... Urinary tract infection ... Classification #diagnosis #nephrology
Summary of characteristic abnormalities of selected glomerular diseases
Light Microscopy (LM) - Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM) - Electron
diseases Light Microscopy ... nephropathy β€’ Post-infectious ... Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome ... Nephrotic syndrome ... glomerular #diseases #nephrology
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 β€’ Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 β€’ Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
Korsakoff Syndrome ... Therefore, Korsakoff Syndrome ... Encephalopathy Treatment ... neudrawlogy #Korsakoff #Syndrome ... #neurology #diagnosis
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 β€’ Epithelial cells - Normal
 β€’ Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... fresh at time of microscopy ... casts - Renal infection ... Urinary tract infection ... key #diagnosis #nephrology