Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PRE-Renal AKI:
 • Hypovolemia
 • Congestion
 • Medications
 •
Acute Kidney Injury ... Congestion • Medications ... Immune-mediated, Infection-mediated ... AKI: • Urinary Retention ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... , Infection, Autoimmune ... SCVMCMed #AKI #Acute ... #Kidney #Injury ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... disease - Post-infectious ... • Medications ... #Kidney #Injury ... Classification #diagnosis #nephrology
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
: Secondary to infections ... Prostate cancer • Medications ... #blood #urine # ... management #treatment ... #nephrology
Vancomycin Associated Acute Kidney Injury

 • Drug induced acute kidney injury is generally defined as a
Vancomycin Associated Acute ... • Drug induced acute ... • Treatment includes ... prevention by minimizing ... diagnosis #management #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
casts are seen in acute ... broad - Advanced kidney ... Urinary tract infections ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Acute ED Migraine Therapy and Preventative Therapy Algorithm:
Acute migraine
 • IV NS IL bolus then infusion
20 mg/min -> Neurology ... Preventative Medications ... management #algorithm #treatment ... #prevention #prophylaxis ... #neurology #cocktail
Migraine Prevention and Prophylaxis
Who to Consider: 
 • ≥ 4 significant headaches or migraine attacks/month
 •
Migraine Prevention ... Contraindications to acute ... migraine treatments ... Preventative Medications ... #neurology #headache
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Syndrome (GBS) Acute ... to a preceding infection ... normal CSF white blood ... and cauda equina TREATMENT ... diagnosis #management #neurology
IDSA Recommendations for Preventing and Treating Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Complex in HIV-AIDS
Preventing 1st Episode of Disseminated
Prophylaxis): Indications ... mycobacterial blood ... please refer to Table ... #Treatment #management ... opportunistic #infections