Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Hyponatremia with Severe Symptoms - Management Algorithm with Hypertonic Saline
The goal of acute management is to
Hyponatremia with ... probably not the low ... Na causing the seizure ... #treatment #Hypertonic ... #Saline #nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Differential Algorithm ... - Urine sodium low ... and uric acid low ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia
Box A:
 β€’ Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol, Glycine, Contrast media, Maltose
 β€’ Pseudohyponatremia:
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia ... Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia ... 8, Somnolence, Seizures ... Primary Polydipsia, Low ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 β€’ Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... Beer Potomania - Low ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 β€’ Focal: Simple, Complex
 β€’ Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #Causes #neurology
Status Epilepticus - Management
Seizure > 5 mins or two seizures without complete recovery between them
PEDS
Benzo Dose
- Management Seizure ... 5 mins or two seizures ... #management #treatment ... #algorithm #peds ... #pediatrics #neurology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Uric Acid - Low ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low #uricacid
Hypernatremia Management Algorithm
Acute vs Chronic
Calculate Losses
 β€’ Current water Deficit
 β€’ Ongoing Free water Losses
 β€’
Hypernatremia Management ... Algorithm Acute ... Medicine @SCVMCMed #Hypernatremia ... #Management #Algorithm ... #treatment #nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm β‰₯ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 β€’ UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Algorithm UOsm ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #differential #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... β€’ nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology