The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Diabetic Retinopathy ... retinal ischemia causes ... #Retinopathy #Diabetes ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications
Subjective Tinnitus: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Subjective Tinnitus - Perceived sound with no acoustic stimulus, heard only
refers to sound caused ... #Tinnitus #Causes ... pathophysiology #differential ... #diagnosis
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... BRB breakdown causes ... disc arterioles causes ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Subtrochanteric region spans 5 cm distally from the
fractures in elderly Causes ... #orthopedics #diagnosis ... #differential # ... causes #pathophysiology
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
cystitis, UTI), diabetes ... SUI or UUI not caused ... Symptoms #Urology #Diagnosis
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
autoimmune disorders (diabetes ... a stroke that caused ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
retinal edema caused ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Acquired Disorders of Reduced Bone Strength: Pathogenesis
 • Hyperparathyroidism
 • Vitamin D deficiency
 • Malabsorption syndromes
• Smoking • Diabetes ... • Other causes ... pathophysiology #differential ... #diagnosis #osteoporosis
Medical Conditions Causing Mania or Mania-Like Episodes: Pathogenesis
 • Bipolar Disorder -> Combination of individual, genetic,
Manic #Secondary #Causes ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Hypersensitivity: Definitions
 • Type I - Production of lgE Abs that bind to harmless allergens and
cell surfaces causes ... exposure to allergen causes ... Reactions #Types #Classification ... #Diagnosis #Definitions