The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
Clinical Findings Grading ... ligament substance leading ... LowAnkleSprain #Sports ... #MSK #orthopedics ... #Grading #Grades
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Brief Overview
LH and FSH are required for follicular development and
ovulation -> LH supports ... not implant #MenstrualCycle ... #OvarianCycle #
Disc Herniations - Pathogenesis and Complications
• 90% of Lumbar disc herniations happen at L4/5 and L5/S1
•
C6/7 Aging ->Degeneration ... -> Mechanical loading ... complications #msk
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Correlating the Ovarian and Uterine Cycles
Note: Some charts show different relative levels of
days long) • Starts ... follicle (others degenerate ... #UterineCycle #MenstrualCycle ... #OvarianCycle #
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Follicular Phase Explained
Early Follicular Phase (Days 0-5)
 • Granulosa cells
selected to continue growing ... of androgens (leading ... #MenstrualCycle ... #OvarianCycle #pathophysiology
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease
Inflammatory Joint Disease
 • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
Inflammatory and Degenerative ... ESR, RF, ANA) Degenerative ... > Stiffness is short-lived ... #Inflammatory #Degenerative ... Comparison #Versus #MSK
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: the Uterine Cycle
The endometrium has receptors for ovarian hormones! Changes in structure and
built up, so a short ... built up, so a short ... fertilized) ovum #MenstrualCycle ... #OvarianCycle #
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
Tetanus Toxin -> Spores ... lymph -> Koplik's spots ... vessel collapse leading ... hepatocellular necrosis & degeneration