The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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diagnosis signs symptoms complications ophthalmology endocrinology stages syndrome urinarytractinfection acquired adhesivecapsulitis bonestrength bulimianervosa caudaequina chronic contractures diabeticfoot diabeticketoacidosis differential disease
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Mild Non-proliferative DR • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Diabetic Retinopathy ... -> Cotton-wool spots ... retinal ischemia causes ... Neovascularization #Diabetic ... #Retinopathy #Diabetes
Diabetic Foot: Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Polyol Pathway - Excess glucose enters Polyol pathway ->
Diabetic Foot: Pathogenesis ... Glycosylation - AGE cause ... neuropathy => Diabetic ... a person with diabetes ... complications #Diabetes
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... out of cells may cause ... Abdominal pain, nausea ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... endocrinology #diabetes
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Hypertensive #Retinopathy ... #pathophysiology
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
autoimmune disorders (diabetes ... a stroke that caused ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... signs #stages #staging ... #msk
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
fractures • Short ... Obesity -> Type 2 diabetes ... Syndrome #genetics #pathophysiology
Upper Urinary Tract infection (UUTI): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Predisposing Factors: - Immunocompromised, Diabetes, - Elderly, Female
Immunocompromised, Diabetes ... Elderly, Female (short ... UrinaryTractInfection #UUTI #Pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Causes: • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central) • Severe lumbar spondylosis • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... pain (shooting, stabbing ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... Hyperprolactinemia • Diabetes ... Headaches • Nausea ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Lower Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings - Predisposing Factors: Immunocompromised state, diabetes, elderly, female
Immunocompromised state, diabetes ... elderly, female (short ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology
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