The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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pathophysiology diagnosis gh pituitary 21hydroxylasedeficiency 21ohd acute chronic closedangle diabetes diabeticketoacidosis dka excess feedbackloop genetics glaucoma glftap hypertensive incontinence keratoconus
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH) Growth Hormone: • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates lipolysis Signs ... /Symptoms: • GH ... metabolic abn #GrowthHormone ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
fraction • HTN #GrowthHormone ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Retinoblastoma Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Keratoconus: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Genetics • Family history of keratoconus • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome • Down, Turner,
> Keratoconus Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... Ring • Munson's sign ... • Rizutti's Sign ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... pathophysiology #genetics #endocrinology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... #SideEffects #endocrinology
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
lights are a key symptom ... damage & blindness Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive • Acute and chronic vasospasm
pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Incr PVR if a complication ... Pathophysiology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Urology
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