The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
Tetanus Toxin -> Spores ... lymph -> Koplik's spots ... hepatocellular necrosis & degeneration ... Immunization #peds #pediatrics ... #pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... • Large lumbar degenerative ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease
Inflammatory Joint Disease
 • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
Inflammatory and Degenerative ... ESR, RF, ANA) Degenerative ... > Stiffness is short-lived ... Comparison #Versus #MSK ... JointPain #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
around the hip • Degeneration ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... #causes #symptoms ... signs #diagnosis #msk
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
vasoconstrictive • Acute ... hyalinization causes ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Correlating the Ovarian and Uterine Cycles
Note: Some charts show different relative levels of
days long) • Starts ... follicle (others degenerate ... , progesterone causes ... #OvarianCycle #pathophysiology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
-> Cherry-red spot ... trucking" • Acute ... retinal edema caused ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology
Isolated Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Feeling a "pop"
 • Acute
Feeling a "pop" • Acute ... #ACL #Injury #MSK ... #Sports #pathophysiology