The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Mixed Urinary Incontinence ... Urgency Urinary Incontinence ... -> Overflow Incontinence ... Stress Urinary Incontinence ... Signs #Symptoms #Urology
Fecal Incontinence - Pathogenesis and Complications
Continence mechanisms are impaired
 • Local neuronal damage
 • External and
Fecal Incontinence ... Complications Continence ... sphincter impairment Continence ... #Fecal #stool #Incontinence
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Hormonal alterations (result of aging process)
    ->
Urgency, nocturia, incontinence ... Pathophysiology #Urology
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
primitive reflexes, incontinence
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
retention -> Overflow Incontinence
Lower Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

- Predisposing Factors:  Immunocompromised state, diabetes, elderly, female
quickly or impending incontinence
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
#orthopedics #neurology
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Medications
Aging
 -> Increased Testosterone -> Testosterone metabolized into DHT by type
#Pharmacology #Urology
Priapism: Pathogenesis

 - Post-cavernosal venous occlusion -> Post-cavernosal venous drainage is mechanically obstructed e.g. sickle cell
Pathophysiology #Urology
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
Signs #Symptoms #Urology